The exact birth of the scanning microscope principle is not clear, as the work of numerous scientists contributed to its inception. However, it is generally accepted that the first scanning microscope ...

In the world of nanotechnology, where structures are measured in billionths of a meter, precise imaging and measurement techniques are essential. Critical Dimension Scanning Electron Microscopy ...

Unlike optical microscopy, SEM does not rely on light waves but instead uses a beam of electrons to interact with materials, enabling magnifications up to 300,000× and resolutions approaching 1 nm. 1 ...